Human Immunology News

Human Immunology News is an online publication and email newsletter for researchers studying the human immune system.

IL-3-Driven T Cell–Basophil Crosstalk Enhances Antitumor Immunity

May 15, 2024

[Cancer Immunology Research] Scientists investigated the role of interleukin (IL)-3 in orchestrating anti-tumor immunity through cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) modulation. Intratumoral CTLs underwent a progressive decline in IL-3 production, which was correlated with impaired cytotoxic function.

Molecular Subgroups of T Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia in Adults Treated According to Pediatric-Based GMALL Protocols

May 15, 2024

[Leukemia] Researchers presented a homogenously treated cohort of 230 adult T-lineage lymphoblastic leukemia patients characterized on transcriptome, and partly on DNA methylation and gene mutation level in correlation with clinical outcome. THey identified nine molecular subgroups based on aberrant oncogene expression correlating to four distinct DNA methylation patterns.

CXCR4 Chemokine Antagonist Scores a First FDA Approval for WHIM Syndrome

May 15, 2024

[Nature Reviews Drug Discovery] The FDA has approved X4 Pharmaceuticals’ mavorixafor (Xolremdi) for a rare immune deficiency disorder that leads to recurrent, life-threatening infections. Mavorixafor, a small-molecule CXC chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) antagonist, is the first drug to gain FDA approval for warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, infections and myelokathexis (WHIM) syndrome.

Dupixent® (dupilumab) sBLA Accepted for FDA Priority Review for Treatment of Adolescents with Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyposis (CRSwNP)

May 15, 2024

[Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Sanofi announced that the US FDA has accepted for Priority Review the supplemental Biologics License Application for Dupixent® as an add-on maintenance treatment for adolescents aged 12 to 17 years with inadequately controlled CRSwNP.

CRISPR/Cas9 Genome Editing of CCR5 Combined With C46 HIV-1 Fusion Inhibitor for Cellular Resistant to R5 and X4 Tropic HIV-1

May 13, 2024

[Scientific Reports] Scientists combined an additional anti-HIV-1 therapy, which is C46, a cell membrane-anchored HIV-1 fusion inhibitor with the CRISPR/Cas9 mediated knockout CCR5.

A Blueprint for Tumor-Infiltrating B Cells Across Human Cancers

May 13, 2024

[Science] Researchers compiled the blueprint of B cell heterogeneity and two dynamic differentiation pathways in human cancers, providing a fundamental reference of antibody-secreting cells differentiation trajectory for future studies.

MYC Inhibition Potentiates CD8+ T Cells Against Multiple Myeloma and Overcomes Immunomodulatory Drug Resistance

May 13, 2024

[Clinical Cancer Research] Scientists investigated the roles of IRF4 and MYC in this context. Using bone marrow aspirates from patients with immunomodulatory drugs naïve or refractory multiple myeloma, they examined IKZF1/3 protein levels and IRF4/MYC gene expression following ex vivo pomalidomide treatment via flow cytometry and qPCR.

IL-15/IL-15Rα-FC Fusion Protein XmAb24306 Potentiates Activity of CD3 Bispecific Antibodies Through Enhancing T Cell Expansion

May 13, 2024

[Molecular Cancer Therapeutics] Researchers hypothesized that XmAb24306, a lymphoproliferative interleukin (IL)-15/IL-15 receptor α Fc-fusion protein, may potentiate the activity of T cell dependent (TDB) antibodies. Activation of human peripheral T cells by cevostamab or anti-HER2/CD3 TDB resulted in upregulation of IL-2/15Rβ receptor subunit in nearly all CD8+ and majority of CD4+ T cells, suggesting that TDB treatment may sensitize T cells to the IL-15.

4-Octyl Itaconate Inhibits Inflammation via the NLRP3 Pathway in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders

May 13, 2024

[Annals Of Clinical And Translational Neurology] Investigators determined the role of immune response gene-1 (IRG1) and the activation status of the NLRP3 inflammatory pathway in acute-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders and investigated the inhibitory effects of 4-OI on NLRP3 inflammasome activation via the IRG1–itaconic acid–NLRP3 pathway in monocytes and macrophages by using in vitro models.

Effects of Extremely Preterm Birth on Cytokine and Chemokine Responses Induced by T Cell Activation During Infancy

May 13, 2024

[Clinical & Translational Immunology] Scientists investigated the longitudinal development of functional T cell capacity in extremely preterm (EPT) infants. Increased proinflammatory responses at D28 may be related to the heightened risk of severe immune-associated complications seen in EPT infants.

Human T Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Grip on T-Cells: Investigating the Viral Tapestry of Activation

May 13, 2024

[Infectious Agents And Cancer] Investigators explored the mRNA expressions of key proteins correlated to T cell activation in asymptomatic carriers of human T cell Lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infected patients, shedding light on early molecular events and T cell activation following HTLV-1 infection.

The U.S. Wants to Change How Researchers Get Access to a Huge Trove of Health Data. Many Don’t Like the Idea

May 13, 2024

[Science] Health researchers are urging the U.S. government to rethink a plan that would require them to use an in-house government system, and pay substantially more, to access a massive trove of data assembled by federal programs that support medical care for some 140 million people.

Each issue of Human Immunology News provides up-to-date coverage of the latest news in immunology research performed using human cells or subjects. Our expert editors hand-pick recent research papers and review articles from relevant high-impact peer-reviewed journals on topics including immunotherapy, autoimmunity, adaptive, and innate immunity in humans. We also feature news on clinical trials, award announcements, and funding opportunities.