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The Genetic Architecture of the Human Immune System: A Bioresource for Autoimmunity and Disease Pathogenesis
Investigators undertook a comprehensive immunophenotyping approach, analyzing 78,000 immune traits in 669 female twins. They found multiple associations with canonical traits of all major immune cell subsets and uncovered insights into genetic control for regulatory T cells. [Cell]
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Mutational Landscape Determines Sensitivity to PD-1 Blockade in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Scientists used whole-exome sequencing of non-small cell lung cancers treated with pembrolizumab, an antibody targeting programmed cell death-1 (PD-1). In two independent cohorts, higher nonsynonymous mutation burden in tumors associated with improved objective response, durable clinical benefit, and progression-free survival. [Science] Abstract
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Anti-IL-23A mAb BI 655066 for Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Psoriasis: Safety, Efficacy, Pharmacokinetics, and Biomarker Results of a Single-Rising-Dose, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
BI 655066 is a fully human IgG1 mAb specific for the IL-23 p19 subunit. This first-in-human proof-of-concept study evaluated the clinical and biological effects of BI 655066 in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis. [J Allergy Clin Immunol] Abstract
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The Interferon-Related Developmental Regulator 1 Is Used by Human Papillomavirus to Suppress NFκB Activation
Using non-infected and freshly established or persistent hrHPV-infected keratinocytes researchers showed that high-risk human papillomavirus impaired the acetylation of NFκB/RelA K310 in keratinocytes. As a consequence, keratinocytes display a decreased pro-inflammatory cytokine production and immune cell attraction in response to stimuli of the innate or adaptive immune pathways. [Nat Commun] Full Article
Reprogramming of Primary Human Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive B Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Cells into Nonleukemic Macrophages
Investigators found that primary human BCR-ABL1+ precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells could be induced to reprogram into macrophage-like cells by exposure to myeloid differentiation-promoting cytokines in vitro or by transient expression of the myeloid transcription factor C/EBPα or PU.1. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract
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Tim-3 Protects Decidual Stromal Cells from Toll-Like Receptor-Mediated Apoptosis and Inflammatory Reactions and Promotes Th2 Bias at the Maternal-Fetal Interface
Researchers demonstrated significantly lowered expression of T-cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (Tim-3) in miscarried decidual stromal cells, indicating that Tim-3 might play important roles in maintaining successful pregnancies. [Sci Rep] Full Article
Heterozygosity for the Common Perforin Mutation, p.A91V, Impairs the Cytotoxicity of Primary Natural Killer Cells from Healthy Individuals
Researchers investigated the function of p.A91V on a wild-type perforin background. They demonstrated that the p.A91V mutation results in protein misfolding and an appreciable reduction in natural killer cell cytotoxicity in healthy carriers of p.A91V. [Immunol Cell Biol] Abstract
A New Effect of IL-4 on Human γδ T Cells: Promoting Regulatory Vδ1 T Cells via IL-10 Production and Inhibiting Function of Vδ2 T Cells
Scientists investigated the effects of interleukin 4 (IL-4) on the activation and proliferation of γδ T cells and the balance between variable delta 1 (Vδ1) and Vδ2 T cells in humans. The results showed that IL-4 inhibited the activation of γδ T cells in the presence of γδ T-cell receptor stimulation in a STAT6-dependent manner. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract
Clinical Testing of a Dendritic Cell Targeted Therapeutic Vaccine in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Due to the central role that dendritic cells (DC) play in the activation of T-cell responses, scientists aimed to carry out a therapeutic vaccination clinical trial in hepatitis C virus patients using DC. [Mol Ther Methods Clin Dev] Full Article
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| | | SCIENCE NEWS |
Advaxis Presents Preliminary Data from a Phase I/II Trial of ADXS-HPV in HPV-Associated Anal Cancer in Combination with Chemoradiation Showing Complete Response and No Recurrences to Date in All Treated Patients
The preliminary data show that the investigational immunotherapy was well tolerated by treated patients, and all treatment-related toxicities were within 24 hours of dosing, the most frequent of which include chills/rigors, fever and nausea. [Press Release from Advaxis, Inc. discussing research presented at the International Anal Neoplasia Society (IANS) Scientific Meeting 2015, Atlanta] Press Release
Inflammation in the Mouth and Joints in Rheumatoid Arthritis
Sheila Arvikar, Massachusetts General Hospital, presented a study titled, “Inflammation in the Mouth and Joints in Rheumatoid Arthritis.” [Press release from the International Association for Dental Research (IADR) discussing research presented at the 93rd General Session and Exhibition of the IADR, Boston] Press Release
Immunicum’s Chief Scientific Officer Presented the Technology behind the Cancer Vaccine INTUVAX
Immunicum AB announced that the company’s Chief Scientific Officer, Dr. Alex Karlsson-Parra, has presented the technology behind the cancer vaccine INTUVAX. [Press release from Immunicum AB discussing research presented at the Symposium on Breakthroughs in Clinical & Translational Immunology, Stockholm] Press Release
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